134 research outputs found
Physics-based Simulation of Continuous-Wave LIDAR for Localization, Calibration and Tracking
Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) sensors play an important role in the
perception stack of autonomous robots, supplying mapping and localization
pipelines with depth measurements of the environment. While their accuracy
outperforms other types of depth sensors, such as stereo or time-of-flight
cameras, the accurate modeling of LIDAR sensors requires laborious manual
calibration that typically does not take into account the interaction of laser
light with different surface types, incidence angles and other phenomena that
significantly influence measurements. In this work, we introduce a physically
plausible model of a 2D continuous-wave LIDAR that accounts for the
surface-light interactions and simulates the measurement process in the Hokuyo
URG-04LX LIDAR. Through automatic differentiation, we employ gradient-based
optimization to estimate model parameters from real sensor measurements.Comment: Published at ICRA 202
In-vivo evaluation of biocompatibility of biodegradable Fe-Mn materials
The authors evaluated the biodegradability and biocompatibility of an alloy of iron and manganese in a bone model in vivo. Fe-Mn biodegradable materials with various porosities were first fabricated and characterized for microstructure, corrosion and mechanical properties.
Resorption of a bioabsorbable wire of chemical formula Fe30Mn and no induced porosity was evaluated in-vivo. The Fe-Mn alloy behavior in-vivo was compared to that of a traditional permanent 316L stainless steel (SS) wire after bilateral transcondylar femoral implantation in 12 rats. Evaluation of biodegradation was performed over a period of 6 months using serial radiography, post-mortem histology and macroscopic implant surface analysis. Increased bone ingrowth was noted at the iron-manganese wire-bone interface, which indicates increased osseointegration of the implant.
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Reductive glutamine metabolism is a function of the α-ketoglutarate to citrate ratio in cells
Reductively metabolized glutamine is a major cellular carbon source for fatty acid synthesis during hypoxia or when mitochondrial respiration is impaired. Yet, a mechanistic understanding of what determines reductive metabolism is missing. Here we identify several cellular conditions where the α-ketoglutarate/citrate ratio is changed due to an altered acetyl-CoA to citrate conversion, and demonstrate that reductive glutamine metabolism is initiated in response to perturbations that result in an increase in the α-ketoglutarate/citrate ratio. Thus, targeting reductive glutamine conversion for a therapeutic benefit might require distinct modulations of metabolite concentrations rather than targeting the upstream signalling, which only indirectly affects the process.German Science Foundation (Grant FE1185)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship F32 CA132358)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 5-P30-CA14051-39)Damon Runyon Cancer Research FoundationBurroughs Wellcome FundSmith Family FoundationNational Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01CA160458-01A1
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